Firearm



June 17, 1930.

C. C. LOQ/MIS FIREARM Original Filed June 7, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 1inventer June 17, 1930. C. c. Looms FIREARM 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 OriginalFiled Jgne 7, 1.927;

a, m c@ mm. ma E wn Patented June 17, 1930 CRAWFORD C. LOOMIS, OF ILION,NEW YORK, ASSGNOR TO REMINGTON ARMS COMPANY, ING? A CORERATON OFDELAWARE FIREARMI l Application led'June 7, 1927, Serial No. 197,118.Renewed April 16, 1930;' l

This invention relates to firearms and par ticularly to carriermechanisms for transferring the shells from the vmagazine to the liringchamber. For the purpose of illustration E the improvements are shown asapplied to a firearm of the type disclosed in U. S. patent to J. M.Browning :j:1,143,170,` dated J une 15, 1915, but it is to be understoodthat the invention is of general application and may be used in firearmsof other classes.

The main object of the present invention is to device an improved shellcarrier device for guns of the type employing a reciprocating actuatingmechanism and which is simple in construction and positive in operaton.

In guns of the type used for the purpose of illustration the shells arestored in a magazine and are adapted to be transferred to the ringchamber by a reciprocation of the actuating mechanism. The improvedcarrier shown in the present application comprises a pair of armspivotally mounted within the receiver and so arranged that the breechblock may pass between to push the shell elevated by the carrier intothe firing chamber. `When the action is closed the carrier is heldlocked' to facilitate the insertion of the shells in the magazine. Amovement of the action bar slide in one direction unlocks the carrier,.

firing chamber. f

rlhe spring means then acts to depress the carrier slightlyy so that thefrontend of the action bar slide may pass over the front of the carrierfirmly locking the latter in place.

YBy reason of the construction devised the car-V rier may be formed ofsheet metal suitably..

-rier in position ready to transfer a shell to the bent to form thecarrier arms and an integral shelf or shell support. The carrier mayfurther be provided with suitable shell guiding surfaces to eliminatefrictional resistances.

A further obj ect of the present invention is to devise a new type of ejecting mechanism which functions in a positive manner to eject the firedshells through a port hole located in the side of the receiver wall.

A further object ofthe invention is to pro- Y vide an improved breechblock locking device to insure lateral stability of the breech block andwhich co-acts with the shells to prevent them from assuming positionswhich might result in jamming the gun. Topfurther guard against jammingimprovements have also been made in the fon-m of the ejector and triggerplate.

A further obj ect of the invention is to construct the carrier so thatit will hold the ejector in cocked position when the breech block isentirely disengaged from the ejector.

lVith these and other objects in view the invention consists in thenovel combinations and arrangement of parts which are illustrated in thedrawings and will hereinafter be described.

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of aportion of a gun embodying the presentimprovements showing particularly the ejecting port hole of thereceiver.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary side elevation, partly in'section, of thereceiver of the gun showing the 4action closed.

Fig. 2a is an inverted plan view of the top of the receiver showing thebreech block locking shoulder and guide.

Fig. 3 is a. side elevation of the gun the receiver being omitted forthe sake of clearness kshowing the relation between the slide andshell'carrier when the action is closed.

Fig. is a longitudinal section on the line Ll- .of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a horizontal section showing particularly the parts associatedwith the `shell `ejecting mechanism. Y.

Fig. 6 is a transverse sectional view of the gun taken on the line 6-6of Fig. 1.

7 is a side elevation of the slide and as sociated carrier mechanismvshowing the carfiring chamber. j i

Fig. 8 is aperspective .view of the ejector member. Y 1 I The firecontrol mechanism is housed ina receiver or frame lOhaving a bottomopening 11 through which the fresh shells are inserted into the magazine12 and a port or side opening 13 through which the empty shell cases areejected. Slid'ably mounted in guide channels 14 (Fig. 2) in the sides ofthe receiver 10 is an action slide 15 attached by a pin 16 to an actionbar 17 which is connected at its front end to the usual forearm 171. Theaction bar slide 15 is thus adapted to be reciprocated by manipulationof the forearm and there,- ciprocation of the action bar controls theoperations incident to ejecting the empty shell from the chamber andfeeding the fresh shell from the magazine 12 to the chamber Vin a mannerwhich will be described hereinafter.

lThe breech block indicated generally by reference character 18comprises a longitudinal recess 19 (Fig. 2) which contains the liringpin 20. The firing pin is held in place by a cross pin 21 and isretracted from engagement with the head of the shell by a spring 22.

A recess cut in top of the frame 10 forms a p recoil Shoulder 23 adaptedto engage the end 24 of the breech block thereby locking the breechblock in closing position until it is lowered by movement of the actionbar.

A lug or hook 25 projecting downwardly from the breech bloclr 18 isadapted to engage a recess 26 in the action bar slide 15 as clearlyshown in F 2. Then the action bar drawn rearwardly the forward edge ofthe hook 25 is engaged by an inclined cam face 27 on the action barslide whereby7 the end 24 of the breech bloclris lowered out ofengagement with the recoil shoulder A further rearward movement of theaction barvdraws the breech block rearwardly, the breech block andaction bar slide moving together.V On the forward movement of the actionbar, the action bar slide and breech block move together until thebreech-is closed and the end 24 of the breech block is in front of therecoil shoulder 23. As the forward movement of the action bar iscompleted the inclined cam face 28 of the action bar slide 15 raises thebreech bloclr into engagement with the recoil shoulder 23.

The following means is provided to insure lateral stability of thebreech block 18 when it is in its normal or breeched position. The upperwall of the receiver is milled by a cutter rotating at an angle to there ceiver wall to form the shoulder 23 previously mentioned and thesubstantially conical depression 29 (Fig. 2a). The central portion ofthe cut 29 and shoulder 23 is slotted to receive a bar 30 which isadapted to co-opcrate with a longitudinal slot 31 (Fig. 4) formed in theupper portion of the breech block 18. At its ends the horizontal edge ofbar 30 pre# jects slightly below the receiverwall so that by peeningovera portion of the receiver wall the bar 30 will be held rigidly inposition. In the normal or breeched position the bar 30 projects intothe slot 31 and as previously stated, when the slide 15 is movedrearwardly the breech block will be loclred therewith, so that after thebreech block is disengaged from the receiver the horizontal edge of thebar 30 coacting with the upper and forward portion of the breech block 18 will prevent upward movement of the front end of the breech block. Inthe showing of Fig. 2 the bar 30 is omitted in order to permit a clearerillustration of adjacent parts.

At the rear of the cartridge or shell opening` 11 is a trigger plate 35to which are attached certain elements of the fire control mechanismincluding a hammer 36. The hammer is pivoted on a transverse pin 37 andis connected by a pin 38 with a rearwardlyV extending hammer link orstrut 39. The hammer spring 40 lies in Asuitable recess in the triggerplate and a spring follower 41 engages the end of the hammer link 39.

A trigger 42 pivoted in the ytrigger plate 35 by a pinv 43 andcomprisinga forwardly extending arm orsear 44 adapted toengage a hammer notch 45is adapted to be held in lmmer engaging position by a scar spring Inorder to control the movement of the cartridges from the magazine it isintended to use a pair of cartridge Stops and 51 (Fig. 6) which aresubstantially the same form and operated in the same manner as in thepatentto Browning #1,143,170 and to which reference may be had `forfurther details of construction and operation. The cartridge stop 50(Figs. 2 and 6) is normally in engagement with the head of the rear-mostshell in the magazine and is pivoted at 52 within a channel formed inthe right wall of the receiver 10. A spring (not shown) urges the stopto a positionto normally engage the rearmost shell. The cartridge stop50 (Fig. 2) carries a cam 53 co-operating with a cam lug 54 integralwith the action slide in substantially the same manner as in the Browing patent above identified. The cartridge stop 51 as fully described inthe Browning patent is also adapted to be rocked about its horizontalpivot near the end of the rearward movement of the action slide, intoposition-to engage the head of the second shell in the maga-zine andhold this shell until the cartridge stop 50 is restored to effectiveposition.

The means for transferring the shell released frein the shell retainingVdevices to .position to be moved into the chamber by the head of thebreech block is a carrier 55 comprising arms 56 and 57 (Fig. 4)preferably oined by an integral shelf 58, said arms 56 and 57 beingpivoted within the receiver Vby screws 59. Each arm is located betweenthe receiver wall and the adjacent side of the breech block 18, as bestshown in Fig. 5.

When the action is closed the carrier is in the position shown in Fig. 1wherein it Cil will be seen that the side arm 57 of the carrier andbreech block 18 both close the port hole 13. Also in the breechedposition of the gun the arms 56 and 57 rest upon the upper horizontaledges of the slide 15 (Fig. 3) the slide being of a width greater thanthe carrier proper (Fig. 6). 1n the breeched position the shelf 58 islocated beneath an extension 60 of the Vslide 15 and thus'the carrier isfirmly locked in placeV to permit the insertion of a shell in themagazine 12, the underside of the slide 15 and shelf 58 forming a' shellguide. f l

The magazine is filledthrough the loading opening 11 when the slide andbreech- Vbloclr are in forward position, and as each shell is insertedin the magazine it is held by the cartridge stop which springs in behindthe inserted shell. The shells are forced into the magazine against theusual springurged magazine follower 61 (Fig. 2).

Assuming that the magazine has been loaded, and it is desired totransfer a shell to the firing chamber, rearward movement of the actionbar 17 and slide 15 will cause the rear Y end of the breech block to bepositively pulled down by cam face 27 of the slide engaging the lug 25so that continued rearward movement of the slide 15 will carry thebreech block 18 along with it. During a part of the rearward movementofthe slide 15 the latter will hold the carrier against any downwardmovement and some time after the extension of the slide 15 clears theshelf 58 a projection 62 of the arm 56 will enter a slot 63 formed inthe slide 15 and as the slide 15 'continues its rearward movement theprojection 62 will engage a cam portion 64 of the slot 63 elevating thecarrier to bring Vthe shelf 58 in alignment with the chamber after whichthe projection 62 will ride on thek horizontal edge 65 of the slideholding the carrier in slightly elevated position until the projection62 clears the slide (Fig. 7) whereupon the arms will be urged downwardlyby a pair of springs 66 to the position shown in Fig. 7. Sometimesbefore the slide reaches the rear end of its stroke the cartridge stop51 will be actuated to bring it in line with the second cartridge in themagazine. Sometime after this cam lug 54 engages cam 53 j of thecartridge stop 50, and just as the slide ly where it is supported by thearms 56, 57 and shelf 58, Vas best shown in Fig. 7

15 is at the limit of its rearward movement the stop 50 is withdrawnfrom the first cartridge and the magazine follower 61 snaps the shellback where it strikes a portion 67 of the trigger plate 35 and dropsdownward- 1f another shell should be in the magazine it is forcedrearwardly by the magazine follower 61 until it engages the end of thecartriolge stop 51.

A subsequent forward movement of the action bar 17 and slide 15 causes acam face vbloclr 18 it passes between the carrier arms 56 and 57 asshown in Fig. 4.Y After the vinitial VYforward movement of the slide 15the projection 62 will ride upon the horizontal edge 65 of the slideretaining the carrier in elevated position while the breech block pushesthe shell into the firing chamber. Thereafter projection 62drops intothe slot 63 in the slide and the carrier is lowered by springs 66,permitting the slide extension 60V to pass over the shelf 58,; (Fig. 1As previously stated the final movement'of the slide causes its Acam 28co-operating with lug 25 to elevate the rear end of the breech bloclr toagain engage the shoulder 23 in thereceiver with the end 24 of the'block and positively lock the latter in firing position.

As the shell is pushed into the chamber the extractorr 7G and claw 71(Fig.'5) both carried by the breech block 18' and urged by theirrespective coil springs snap int-oA engagement with the rim of the shelland securely hold the shell to the breech block as best shown in Fig. 4.

After the shell is fired by manipulation of the trigger 42, the slide ismoved back, the

71 withdraw the red shell from the cham-V ber, and the shell is ejectedby means which will now be described.

The ejector member 72 (Figs. 4 and 5) fits y in a slot 73 in the wall ofthe receiver 10 land carries a'pin 74 fitting in a hole 75 which is of adiameter slightly larger than the diameter of the pin 74. A normallyflexed flat spring 76 also fitting within the slot 73 of the receiverengages a reduced portion of the ejector 7 2 so that when the ejector isfree the spring will rock the same to assist in ejecting vthe shell. Theejector 72 has a projecting lug 77 adapted to lit within a longitudinalslot 78 formed on one side of the breech block 18. W hen the breechbloclr 18 is moved forwardly from the position shown in Fig. 5,

the bottom of the slot 78 co-acting with the inclined edge 79 of the lug77 will rock the ejector to the position shown in Fig. 4 flush with thereceiver wall'.

forwardlythe carrier is being elevated and the arm 56 thereof engagingthe ejector member will retain it in the position shown in Fi. 4. At theeXtreme forward position of the breech block the slot 78 clears the lug77 but the arm 56 will still retain the ejector 72 withinthe receiverwall slot 73. In order that the arm 56 may not interfere with the j Itwill be recalled. that at the time the breech block is moving nismduring a shell feeding operation.

vejector lug 77 when'the arm 56 retains the ejector v72 within thereceiver wall slot 7 3 the arm 56 is cut at 561 to clear the lug 77 asbest shown in Figs. 2 and 4. When the breech block is moved rearwardlycarrying the fired shell with it the lug 77 will re-enter the slot 78and at the eXtreme rearward movement of the block the lug will clear theslot permitting the spring 76 to rock the ejector member 72 quickly. Asthe block reaches its final rearward `movement the shell contacting withthe lug 77 of the ejector will rock the shell about the point caught bythe extractor 70 (as shown in Fig.' 5) it being understood that thespring 7 6 exerts its force upon the ejector to quickly rock the ejectorassisting in ejecting the shell through the port hole 13 of the receiverlO.

The present invention also contemplates the provision of a projection(like the projection 62 on the carrier arm 56) on the arm 57 co-actingin a similar manner with the slide l5 so that the armV 57 will beactuated simultaneously. The slide l5 will then exert a similar andequal lifting force on both carrier arms. In the eventthat the springs66 shouldnot depress the carrier quick enough to insure the passing ofthe extension of the slide l5 over the shelf 58 the extension 60 willcofact with a bevel edgel (Fig. 7) of the shelf 58 to force the'carrierto its proper position.

To insure that the rim of the extracted shell will not strike theforward edge of the shelf 58 the forward end thereof is preferablydished at 82 and to guide the rim of the Shell over the carrier arms 56and 57 the upper inner faces ofthe arms may be provided with oppositelybeveled guide surfaces 83 (Fig. l).

It will also be noted that if the bar 30 was not provided the rim of ashell might be elevated high enough so that the rim co-acts with theshoulder 23 and thus jam the mecharlhe bar 30 effectively prevents thisand keeps the shell down upon the carrier to insure proper feedingoperations.

As best shown in Fig. 2, the front of the ejector member 7 2 is directlyin line with the extension 67 of the trigger plate 35 so that it alsoacts to stop the rearward movement of the shell in a shell feedingoperation and to prevent it from getting beyond its proper lpositioninto the rear portion of the receiver.

Variations in the structureillustrated and described may be resorted to,it being understood that the embodiment of the invention herein shown isillustrative rather than restrictive, and that the invention is limitedonly by the scope of the appended claims.

lVhat is claimed is l. In a firearm, the combination of a receiver, areciprocating slide, a breech block supported on theV slide, a carrierhaving arms pivoted inthe receiver one located at .each

vside of the breech .block between which the 2. .In a firearm, thecombination of a receiver, a reciprocating slide, a breech block mountedon the slide, a carrier comprising a pair of arms pivoted in thereceiver one located at each side of the breech block between which thebreech blockis adapted to pass the arms having their free endsintegrally connected by a shelf, said slide being adapted to engage saidarms and shelf to lock said carrier when the breach block and slide arein their forward position. Y l

3. In a firearm, the combination of a rcceiver, a reciprocating slide, abreech block supported thereon, a carrier having arms pivoted within thereceiver one located at each side of the breech block between which thebreech block is adapted to pass, the arms of such carrier being joinedat their forward ends by an integral cartridge supporting shelf, andmeans operated by the slide for elevating the carrier.

4l. ln a firearm, the combination of a receiver., a reciprocating slide,a breech block supported thereon, carrier having arms pivoted within thereceiver, one located at each side of the breech block between which thebreech block passes, means whereby the vslide locks the carrier, meansoperated by the slide for elevating the carrier when the latter isunlocked by the slide, vand meansacting on said arms for depressing saidcarrier to permit the carrierto clear said slide.

`5. ln a firearm, the combination of a recip-rocating actuatingmechanism including. a slide, a. barrel having a firing chamber, amagazine, a receiver provided Awith entrances adjacent the firingchamber andmagazine, a carrier pivoted inthe receiver adapted to bemoved from a shell-receiving position in line -witht'he magazineentrance to a shell-feeding position in line with the firing chamber,said carrier having an intermediate position, and means whereby thecarrier is locked in its intermediate position by the slide tofacilitate the insertion of the shells inthe maga.-

zine.

6. In a rearm, the combination of a reciprocating actuating mechanismincluding a slide, a barrel having a firing chamber, a mag azine, areceiver provided with entrances adjacent the firingchamber andmagazine, a carrier pivoted in the receiver adaptedlto be moved from ashell-receiving position in line with the magazine entrance to ashell-feeding position in line with the firing chamber said carrierhaving an intermediate position,

means whereby the carrier is locked in its intermediate position by theslide to facilitate the insertion of the shells inthe magazine, springmeans for depressing the carrier in line with the magazine entrance toreceive a shell when the actuating mechanism is moved in one direction,and cam means carried by the slide for positively elevating the carrierabove its intermediate position to place the shell in line with thefiring chamber when the actuating mechanism is moved in the otherdirection,

7 In a rearm, the combination of a receiver having magazine and firingchamber entrances, a carrier having arms pivoted within the receiver, abreech action reciprocable in the receiver including a slide, meanscarried by the slide for locking the carrier in a position intermediatethe magazine and firing chamber entrances, spring means for depressingthe carrier to a position adjacent the magazine entrance to receive a.shell, and cam means operable by the slide for elevating the carrier toposition the shell adjacent the firing chamber entrance.

8. Ina firearm, the combination of a. receiver having magazine andfiring chamber entrances, a carrier having arms pivoted within thereceiver, said carrier having a position intermediate the magazine andfiring chamber entrances to facilitate the insertion of shells in themagazine, spring means acting on the carrier arms to depress the carrierto a shell-receiving position, a reciprocable breech action including aslide, cam means operable by the slide when the action is moved in onedirection to elevate the carrier in line with the firing chamber andtherefore permit the spring means to depress the carrier to ashell-receiving position, and supplemental cam means for reverselymoving the carrier to position it in line with the firing chamber topermit the breech action to insert the shell therein.

9. In a firearm, the combination of a receiver having magazine andfiring chamber entrances, a carrier having arms pivoted within thereceiver, said carrier having a position intermediate the magazine andfiring chamber entrances to facilitate the insertion of shells in themagazine, spring means acting on the carrier arms eifective to depressthe carrier to a shell-receiving position, a reciprocable breech actionincluding a slide, cam means operable by the slide when the action ismoved in one direction to elevate the carrier in line with the firingchamber and thereafter permit the spring means to depress the carrier toa shell-receiving position, supplemental cam means for reversely movingthe carrier to position it in line with the ring chamber to permit thebreechvaction to insert the shell therein, and means whereby the slidelocks the carrier in its intermediate position.

pressed to position it adjacent the magazine V entrance to receive afresh shell during one movement of the breech action, and then elevatedto position the carrier and fresh shelll adjacent the firing chamberentrance to permit the breech action to force the shell into the iiringchamber during the other movement of the breech action, said carrierhaving a position intermediate the aforementioned positions when theaction is closed.

11. In a firearm, the combination of a receiver having magazine andfiring chamber entrances, a carrier adapted to be positioned to receivea fresh shell at the magazine entrance, a reciprocable breech action andmeans whereby the carrier is positioned adj acent the firing chamber andthen depressed to position it adjacent the magazine entrance to receivea fresh shell during one movement of the breech action and then elevatedto position the carrier and fresh shell adjacent the firing chamberentrance to permit the breech action to force the shell into the firingchamber during the other movement of the breech action, said carrierhaving a position intermediate the magazine andy firing chamberentrances when the action is closed, and means whereby the slide locksthe carrier in intermediate position when the action is closed wherebyinsertion of the shells in the magazine may be facilitated.

12. In a firearm, the combination of a reciprocating breech block, afiring chamber, means carried by the breech block for withdrawing afired shell from the firing chamber during its rearward movement, anejector provided with a lug co-operating with the shell for Vejectingthe fired shell during the rearward movement of the breech block, achannel in the breech block adapted to receive said ejector lug topermit forward movement of said breech block, and a carrier operated bysaid breech block and adapted to hold said ejector within the receiverwall when the ejector is disengaged from the breech block to permitrearward movement of said breech block.

13. ln a firearm, the combination of aY reciprocating breech block, areceiver provided with a locking shoulder adapted to co-operate with-thebreech block, a recess in said receiver forward of said shoulderprovided with a slot, a bar received by said slot, means for securingthe bar to the receiver, and a channel in said breech block co-operatingwith said bar.

CRAWFORD C. LOOMIS.

ico

